The main active ingredient of Vegarep EC, sunflower oil, is a contact insecticide that acts physically on pests. During the dormant period, it interferes with the respiration of pests attempting to overwinter on the woody parts of plants, particularly the eggs of the American grapevine leafhopper, aphid eggs, European red mite eggs and the overwintering stages of scale insects, ultimately causing their death. Today, one of the most important, if not the most important, of these pests is the American grapevine leafhopper, which transmits Flavescence dorée phytoplasma disease. This disease is particularly dangerous because once the pathogen has entered the plant, there is no effective treatment; the infected plant must be removed and destroyed. As a result, entire vineyards can potentially be lost. This is why dormant-season oil spraying is so important: by reducing the number of overwintering eggs and consequently lowering the infection pressure, pest management becomes easier during the following growing season. In addition to spring applications, Vegarep EC can now also be used during the autumn dormant period, providing growers with a wider application window for more effective control of the American grapevine leafhopper.